The main purpose of this study was to develop a set of test tools to analyze and diagnose mathematical creativity of elementary students. The subjects were 5th and 6th graders from an elementary school. Based on Sternberg’s Three-factor Model of Creativity and the mathematical learning materials for elementary students, a test battery of mathematical creativity was developed which included Mathematics and Logical Words Scale, Automatic Mathematical Problem-Solving Scale, Figure Analogical Reasoning Scale, Mathematics Mapping Scale, Meta-Cognitive Ability Scale, and Creativity Behavior Scale. These tools were used to analyze and diagnose the mathematical creativity of elementary students. The findings indicate that：(1) the devised test battery was good in reliability and validity in analyzing and diagnosing the mathematical creativity of elementary students; (2) this battery is comprised of the cognitive components of novelty, insight, automaticity, analogical thinking and meta-cognitive ability; (3) high meta-cognition students and field-independents scored higher than low meta-cognition students and field-dependents, respectively, in all components of mathematical creativity, while high creativity students scored higher than low creativity students in several components of it; and (4) mathematical achievement was closely related to mathematical creativity, due to common components in mathematical problem-solving such as meta-cognitive ability, automaticity, novelty and analogical reasoning.