The purpose of this study was to investigate differences of intelligence and capability between urban and rural junior high school students. Subjects consisted 1523 second year students (male 773, female 750) were sampled from 16 junior high schools. The revised Lorge-Thorndike Verbal intelligence test (level F) was administered to 777 urban students (male 399, female 378), and 746 rural students (male 374, female 372). The analyzed results showed the intelligence and capability of urban junior high school students are superior to those of rural junior high school students.