Mother-infant bonding is defined as a mother’s thoughts, feelings, and commitment toward her baby. Bondingis important to the wellbeing of mothers and infants. The study aimed at developing a reliable and valid Chinese Mother-Infant Bonding Inventory that can be applied at the immediate postpartum period. An initial version of the inventory was developed based on the qualitative study (Shieh et al., 2012). Women who gave birth in Taichung were invited to fill the initial version of the inventory within the fifteen days postpartum. Demographic information, as well as mothers’ psychosocial status during both pregnant and postpartum periods were also collected. A valid sample witha total of 567 women was obtained. After item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, a 25-item, four-factor inventory was derived. The four factors were Proximity, Parental Adjustment, Commitment and Confidence of Reciprocity. For the reliability, internal consistency coefficients of Cronbach’s alpha for the whole inventory and four sub-scales ranged between .82~.90. The Pearson’s correlationamong four sub-scales ranged between .18~.60. The factor structure of the inventory was consistent with its conceptual analysis. For criterion validities, relationships between bonding and demographics, pregnant and postpartum psychosocial status were found to be consistent with the literature. For example, participants with higher anxiety or depression scores in their pregnancies showed lower bonding scores. With regard to the postpartum psychosocial status, degrees of depression and anxiety were negatively correlated with the bonding scores. Degree of social support was positively correlated with the bonding scores. We conclude that the Mother-Infant Bonding Inventory has adequate reliability and validity and can be use to evaluate the relationship between Chinese women and their infants.