Purpose：The purpose of the present study is to examine the assumption of biased attention toward negative stimuli and to explore the influence of the materials with differential negative valences on attention bias modification (ABM) training effect. Methods and Results：In Study 1, twenty-one participants’ eye movement were measured while showing paired stimuli which consisted of one negative picture and one neutral picture. Results supported the hypothesis that participants’ first gaze tended to be on the negative cues, and they maintained their gaze longer on the negative cues than the neutral cues. In Study 2, fifty-one participants were randomly allocated to the three groups: High negative valence group (the paired materials consisted of higher negative pictures and neutral pictures), low negative valence group (the paired materials consisted of lower negative pictures and neutral pictures), and negative group (the paired materials consisted of higher negative and lower negative pictures paired with neutral pictures). Each group was directed differential attentional responses to emotional stimuli accordingly by using a modified dot probe task (the high negative valence group and the low negative valence group were trained to develop the tendency to selectively orient attention away from negative information, and the control group was trained to develop the tendency to selectively orient attention toward negative information). The impact of attentional manipulation on subsequent attentional bias test and emotional vulnerability was examined. Results supported the hypothesis that the attentional bias modification procedure was effective in inducing attentional avoidance of negative information. Furthermore, this attentional manipulation served to reduce fear scores and to attenuate EMG responses to a subsequent horror movie. Moreover, increasing stimulus threat enhanced alert to negative stimuli, and participants’ first gaze to negative stimuli. Results suggested that higher negative materials paired with neutral materials provided greater effect of attention bias modification than lower negative materials. Conclusions：1. The results supported the hypothesis of attention bias; 2. The attentional bias modification procedure was effective in inducing attentional avoidance of negative information; 3. The attentional bias modification procedure served to reduce fear; 4. Higher negative materials paired with neutral materials provide greater effect of attention bias modification than lower negative materials.