The purpose of this study was to explore the association between parents’ psychologically controlling behaviors and early adolescents’ peer victimization, to clarify the differences between paternal and maternal influences, and to examine the mediating role of adolescents’ social anxiety in this association. A total of 716 fifth and sixth graders (366 boys and 350 girls, mean age = 11.44) participated in the present study. Self-reported measures of parental psychological control, social anxiety and peer victimization were used in this study. The results demonstrated that psychological control was positively linked with early adolescents’ peer victimization. The relationship between parental psychological control and adolescents’ peer victimization was mediated by adolescents’ social anxiety; namely, parental psychological control positively predicted adolescents’ social anxiety, which in turn positively predicted adolescents’ peer victimization. The effect of maternal psychological control was greater than paternal psychological control in this mediating pathway.