This study aimed to propose the “Dual Core Motivation Model’’ (DCM). Depending on the results of motivation and cognitive psychology researches, the DCM advocates that learning motivation contains four different components of value, expectation, affect, and executive volition. In these four components, the two core components of affect and executive volition would influence learning behavior directly, but the effects of the two other components of value and expectation would be mediated by the two core components, and thus influence learning behavior indirectly. Participants of this study were 480 sixth-grade students in Taiwan. The research instruments employed were “Primary School Learning Motivation Scale” and “Primary School Learning Behavior Scale”. Data collected were analyzed by structural equation modeling with the LISREL computer program. The results showed that learning motivation consisted of four different components of value, expectation, affect, and executive volition, and the DCM fitted the observed data well. Finally, based on the research findings, possible implications for educators and suggestions for future research are provided by the researcher.