The Chinese Language Achievement Test and the English Language Achievement Test were administered to 8977 (5197 male, 3780 female; 4739 social science major, 4238 natural science major) senior high school students. The main findings of this study were as follows: 1. The abilities of Chinese vocabulary, reading comprehension, and language efficiency, and English pronounciation, structure and grammar, idiom and vocabulary, and listening comprehension of senior high school students were sound, while their abilites of Chinese language structure and English reading comprehension were low. 2. Comparisons were made with both sexes and majors, and the interaction effects of sexes and majors were significant. 3. The analysis of simple effects indicated that the language abilities of female natural science majors were better than those of male natural science majors, and those of female social science majors. 4. The predictive validities of the Chinese Language Achievement Test and the English Language Achievement Test were significantly high.